LEMON

INTRODUCTION
  • Citrus belongs to the Rutaceae family.
  • India is the world's sixth-largest producer of citrus fruit.
  • Andhrapradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Gujrat, Rajasthan, Karnataka, Orissa, Bihar, and Assam are among the states where it is farmed.
  • Pectin is abundant in citrus peels.
  • Citrus fruit is also known as a plant that loves micronutrients.
REQUIREMENTS
  • Soils- Light loam well-drained soils are best for lemon cultivation.
  •  pH- 5.5-7.5. They can also grow in slightly alkaline and acidic soils.
  • Climate- Cold weather.
  • Temperature- Lemon trees prefer a warmer climate with an acceptable temperature range being between 12-20°C.
IRRIGATION
  • Depending on the season and soil type, citrus should be irrigated every 7 to 28 days.
  • Wet the soil to a depth of at least two feet from the tree's trunk to just beyond the drip line.
  • Leaf curling is the first indicator of water stress in a citrus tree.
  • Drip tubing with attached emitters is one of the best irrigation choices for lemon trees.
  • You wrap the tubing around the lemon tree in a cyclical pattern to keep the root ball and surrounding root spread wet.
  • Creating a circle basin is another irrigation option.
  • This soil ring, placed 2 feet away from the lemon tree's trunk, keeps water contained within the circle for optimal topsoil saturation.
  • This basin, however, should not clog the root ball or remain stagnant on the soil's surface; instead, the water should seep down into the soil for healthy and wet soil ecology.
CULTIVATION
  • In the middle of the pot, plant the seed about half an inch deep.
  • Using a spray bottle, carefully sprinkle the soil directly above the seed with water.
  • Standard-size citrus trees should be spaced 15 to 20 feet apart from their centers, whereas dwarf trees that have reached full size should be spaced 8 to 12 feet apart.
  • Citrus trees can be grown vertically or as espaliers in small areas.
NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY

DEFICIENCY OF NITROGEN

 

´The older leaves are pale green to yellow.
´Yellowing that starts at the tip and moves along the center of older leaves
´The life of a leaf can be shortened from 1-3years to 6 months.
  

TREATMENT :                                                                                                                                                             

Use

NITROKING

2-3 ml per litre

of water

Use

SPALL90

0.5 ml per litre

of water
DEFICIENCY OF PHOSPHORUS
´Growth is reduced when the supply of P is too low.
´Leaves are small and narrow with purplish or bronze, lusterless discoloration.
´Leaves shed prematurely and fruit can drop before normal harvesting time.
  

TREATMENT : 

Use NITROKING

2-3 ml per litre

of water

        

 Use BLOOM

2 ml per litre

of water

        

Use SPALL90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

       
DEFICIENCY OF POTASSIUM
´The rate of photosynthesis drops sharply when plants are K deficient.
´Decreased yield and low fruit quality.
´Firing”…drying along tips and margins of older leaves.
  

TREATMENT :                                                                                                                                                             

Use

NITROKING

2-3 ml per litre

of water

Use

SPALL90

0.5 ml per litre

of water
 
DEFICIENCY OF MAGNESIUM
´Interveinal yellowing on older leaves first.
´Discoloration intensifies leaf tips and leaf margins.
´Leaf base remains green for the longest time.
  

TREATMENT :                                                                                                                                                             

Use

NITROKING

2-3 ml per litre

of water

Use

SPALL90

0.5 ml per litre

of water
DEFICIENCY OF CALCIUM
´Growing points of plant may die.
´Younger leaves are affected.
  

TREATMENT :

Use Calcium EDTA

0.5-01 gm per litre

of water

 Calcium EDTA

Use NITROKING

2-3 ml per litre

of water

                   

Use SPALL90

0.5ml per litre

of water

                   

 

DEFICIENCY OF BORON

´Boron deficiency causes the death of the terminal growing point.
´The tree loses its apical dominance and sends out multiple shoots.
  

TREATMENT : 

Use NITROKING

2-3 ml per litre

of water

        

 Use BLOOM

2 ml per litre

of water

        

Use SPALL90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

       
 
 

 

DISEASES

A. FUNGAL DISEASES (i) CONTACT BASED
1. ALTERNARIA BROWN SPOT (Alternaria alternate)

    

TREATMENT :

Use PPFC

2-3 gm per litre

of water

   

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

                 

A. FUNGAL DISEASES (i) CONTACT BASED
2. BLACK SPOT (Guignardia citricarpa)
    

TREATMENT :

Use PPFC

2-3 gm per litre

of water

   

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

                 

A. FUNGAL DISEASES(i) CONTACT BASES  

3. POWDERY MILDEW (Acrosporium tingitaninum)

    

TREATMENT :

Use PPFC

2-3 gm per litre

of water

   

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

                 

A. FUNGAL DISEASES (i) CONTACT BASED
 4. PINK DISEASE (Erythricium salmonicolor)

    

TREATMENT :

Use PPFC

2-3 gm per litre

of water

   

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

                 

A. FUNGAL DISEASES (i) CONTACT BASED
5. GREENING (Liberobactor asiaticum )

    

TREATMENT :

Use PPFC

2-3 gm per litre

of water

   

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

                 

A. FUNGAL DISEASES  (ii) SYSTEMIC BASED
1. PHOMOPSIS STEM END ROT(Lasiodiplodia theobromae)

    

TREATMENT :

Use Fungohit

2-3ml per litre

of water

            

Use SpAll90

0.5ml per litre

of water

            

A. FUNGAL DISEASES (ii) SYSTEMIC BASED
 2.DRY ROOT ROT(Nectria haematococca)

   

TREATMENT :

Use Fungohit

2-3ml per litre

of water

            

Use SpAll90

0.5ml per litre

of water

            

A. FUNGAL DISEASES (ii) SYSTEMIC BASED
3.PHYTOPHTHORA FOOT ROT(Phytophthora citrophthora)
    

TREATMENT :

Use Fungohit

2-3ml per litre

of water

            

Use SpAll90

0.5ml per litre

of water

            

A. FUNGAL DISEASES (ii) SYSTEMIC BASED
 4. GUMMOSIS (Phytophthora parasitica)

    

TREATMENT :

Use Fungohit

2-3ml per litre

of water

            

Use SpAll90

0.5ml per litre

of water

            

 

B. VIRAL DISEASES
1. CITRUS YELLOW MOSAIC VIRUS

TREATMENT :

Use Virohit

2-3 ml per litre

of water

         

Use virosol

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water

         

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

           

B. VIRAL DISEASES

2. CITRUS CHLOROTIC DWARF VIRUS

    

TREATMENT :

Use Virohit

2-3 ml per litre

of water

         

Use virosol

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water

         

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

           

B. VIRAL DISEASES
3. CITRUS PSOROSIS VIRUS

    

TREATMENT :

Use Virohit

2-3 ml per litre

of water

         

Use virosol

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water

         

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

           

B. VIRAL DISEASES
4.CITRUS TRISTEZA VIRUS

   

TREATMENT :

Use Virohit

2-3 ml per litre

of water

         

Use virosol

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water

         

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

           

 

C. PESTS (i)CHEWING PESTS

1. CITRUS LEAF MINER (Phyllocnistic citrella)

    

TREATMENT :

Use Pestohit

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water 

          

Use SpAll90

0.5ml per litre

of water

            

C. PESTS (i)CHEWING PESTS
  2. CITRUS BUTTERFLY (Papilio demoleus)

    

TREATMENT :

Use Pestohit

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water 

          

Use SpAll90

0.5ml per litre

of water

            

C. PESTS (ii)SUCKING PESTS
 1. BLACK APHID (Toxoptera aurantii)  
    

TREATMENT :

 Use Orgomite

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water

          

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

            

C. PESTS (ii)SUCKING PESTS
 2.BROWN APHID (Toxoptera citricida)
    

TREATMENT :

 Use Orgomite

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water

          

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

            

C. PESTS  (ii)SUCKING PESTS
 3.CITRUS BLACK FLY (Aleurocanthus woglumi )

    

TREATMENT :

 Use Orgomite

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water

          

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

            

C. PESTS (ii)SUCKING PESTS
4.CITRUS PSYLLID (Diaphorina citri )
    

TREATMENT :

 Use Orgomite

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water

          

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

            

C. PESTS (ii)SUCKING PESTS

5. MEALY BUG (Planoccus citri)
    

TREATMENT :

 Use Orgomite

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water

          

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

            

C. PESTS (ii)SUCKING PESTS
 6.FRUIT SUCKING MOTH (Otheris maternal)

    

TREATMENT :

 Use Orgomite

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water

          

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

            

C. PESTS (ii)SUCKING PESTS
7.CITRUS THRIPS(Thrips nilgiriensis)
    

TREATMENT :

 Use Orgomite

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water

          

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

            

C. PESTS (ii)SUCKING PESTS
8. COTTONY CUSHION SCALE (Icerya purchase)
    

TREATMENT :

 Use Orgomite

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water

          

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water