GUAVA

INTRODUCTION
  • Psidium guajava is the scientific name for guava, which belongs to the Myrtle family.
  • Guava trees can reach a height of 10 meters (33 feet) and live for 40 years.
  • Guava is a tropical fruit that is mostly grown in the tropics.
  • The guava tree is easily identified by its smooth, thin brown bark that peels off to reveal a greenish layer beneath.
REQUIREMENTS

• Soil- Sandy loam.

• Cultivation- Well-drained soils are best for guava cultivation.

• pH- 4.5-8.2

• Temperature- 20 to 25°C, If there is a high temperature at the time of fruit development, it can cause fruit drop.

• Susceptibility- They are susceptible to pests.

• Rainfall- 500-1000 mm.

IRRIGATION
  • To allow the root system to develop and become established, water newly planted guava trees every two days for the first week after planting, then once a week for the next few months.
  • Grass and weeds should be kept to a minimum in a 0.6 to 1.5 m (2.0-5.0 ft) radius around the trunk.
  • A layer of organic mulch, such as bark or wood chips, can be applied around the base of guava trees to help them thrive.
  • Allow a 20 to 30 cm (8-10 in) gap between the trunk and the mulch layer; do not mound the mulch around the trunk.
  • The type and amount of fertilizer applied to young trees vary depending on the area and soil type.
  • Pruning To foster the development of laterals, young trees should be trimmed.
  • This is accomplished by chopping existing laterals back to 30 to 60 cm (1 to 2 ft).
  • Three to four lateral branches should be let to grow 60 to 90 cm (24-36 in) before the tips are clipped to facilitate further branching during the first year of growth.
  • When new shoots grow as a result of this process reach 60 to 90 cm, they should also be pointed (24-36 in).
  • Established trees should be pruned to keep their height moderate and to open up the canopy.
CULTIVATION

 

  • Guavas for processing can be produced from seed, with roughly 70% of seedlings retaining the parent tree's genetic features.
  • Sowing seeds Before being transplanted in the field or garden, guava seeds are normally started in nursery beds or pots.
  • Planting should only be done with seeds from healthy, strong trees that have the necessary features.
  • Seeds should be planted in sandy soil flats and covered to a depth of 6 mm (0.25 in).
  • Within 15 to 20 days of seeding, most seeds germinate.
  • Seedlings should be transplanted into separate pots when they reach a height of 3.8 cm (1.5 in).
  • Seedlings are being transplanted.
  • To avoid shade, guava trees should be planted in full sun and spaced 4.5–7.5 m (15–25 ft) apart from other trees and buildings.
  • A hole somewhat larger than the existing root ball should be dug, and a layer of compost or rotten manure should be added to the bottom of the planting hole.
  • By placing the seedling upright in the planting hole and backfilling the dirt surrounding the plant, the tree should be planted at the same depth as it was in the nursery.
NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY

DEFICIENCY OF NITROGEN

 

´Yellowing that starts at the tip and moves along the center of older leaves.
´Older leaves affected first.
´Leaves are small,uniformly light green or yellowish.
´Bark is yellowish orange.
´Fruit set may be reduced.
   

TREATMENT :                                                                                                                                                             

Use

NITROKING

2-3 ml per litre

of water

Use

SPALL90

0.5 ml per litre

of water
DEFICIENCY OF PHOSPHOROUS
´Leaves appear reddish purple.
´Oldest leaves are affected first. Plant growth is stunted.
´Common in acid and alkaline soils.
    

TREATMENT :                                                                                                                                                             

Use

NITROKING

2-3 ml per litre

of water

Use

SPALL90

0.5 ml per litre

of water
DEFICIENCY OF POTASSIUM
´Older leaves affected first, necrosis advancing from margins toward mid-rib.
´Margins may first appear light green and later turn necrotic.
´Smaller, poorly coloured and low acidity fruit.
    

 TREATMENT :

 

Use

NITROKING

2-3 ml per litre

of water

Use

SPALL90

0.5 ml per litre

of water
 
DEFICIENCY OF MAGNESIUM
´Oldest leaves turns yellow between the veins.
´In severe cases, younger leaves may be affected and older leaves may drop off.
´May occur on acid soils, sandy soils or soils with high potassium levels.
  

TREATMENT : 

Use NITROKING

2-3 ml per litre

of water

       

Use Grow

2 ml per litre

of water

       

Use SPALL90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

      
 
DEFICIENCY OF SULFUR
´The veins stay green for a while, but at severe deficiency they become chlorotic, too.
´Leaf size as well as general plant size are reduced with few vegetative branches and small bolls.
´ Sulfur deficiency on leaves Nitrogen deficiency is similar in appearance but shows up on the older tissue first.

TREATMENT : 

Use NITROKING

2-3 ml per litre

of water

       

Use Grow

2 ml per litre

of water

       

Use SPALL90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

      
DEFICIENCY OF BORON
´Stunted growth, first showing symptoms on the growing point and younger leaves.
´The leaves tend to be thickened and may curl and become brittle.

TREATMENT : 

Use NITROKING

2-3 ml per litre

of water

       

Use Grow

2 ml per litre

of water

       

Use SPALL90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

      
DEFICIENCY OF CALCIUM
´Growing points of plant may die.
´ Younger leaves are affected.

TREATMENT : 

Use Calcium EDTA

2-3 ml per litre

of water

        

 Use BLOOM

2 ml per litre

of water

        

Use SPALL90

0.5ml per litre

of water

       
 
DISEASES

A. FUNGAL DISEASES: (i) CONTACT BASED               

1. ANTHRACNOSE (Glomerulla gossypii)

    

TREATMENT :

Use PPFC

2-3 gm per litre

of water

   

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

                 

A.FUNGAL DISEASES: (i) CONTACT BASED           

 2. LEAF CURLING (Taphrina deformans)

     

TREATMENT :

Use PPFC

2-3 gm per litre

of water

   

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

                 
A.FUNGAL DISEASES: (i) CONTACT BASED

3. FUSARIUM WILT (Fusarium oxysporum)

  

TREATMENT :

Use PPFC

2-3 gm per litre

of water

   

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

                 

A.FUNGAL DISEASES: (i) CONTACT BASED            

4. ALGAL LEAF AND FRUIT SPOT (Cephaleuros virescens Kuntze)

    

TREATMENT :

Use PPFC

2-3 gm per litre

of water

   

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

                 

A. FUNGAL DISEASES: (ii) SYSTEMIC BASED
1. FOOT ROT (Nalanthamala psidii)

    

TREATMENT :

Use Fungohit

2-3ml per litre

of water

            

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

            

A. FUNGAL DISEASES: (ii) SYSTEMIC BASED
2. ROOT ROT (Armillaria mellea)

   

TREATMENT :

Use Fungohit

2-3ml per litre

of water

            

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

            

A. FUNGAL DISEASES: (ii) SYSTEMIC-BASED
3. STEM END ROT (Phomopsis)

TREATMENT :

Use Fungohit

2-3ml per litre

of water

            

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

            

C. PEST: (i)CHEWING PESTS
1. RUIT BORER (Leucinodes orbonalis)

     

TREATMENT :

Use Pestohit

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water 

          

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

            

C. PEST:(i) CHEWING PESTS     
2. CASTOR CAPSULE BORER (Conogethes punctiferalis)

 

TREATMENT :

Use Pestohit

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water 

          

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

            

C. PEST:(i) CHEWING PESTS         
3.BARK EATING CATERPILLAR (Indarbela quadrinotata)

TREATMENT :

Use Pestohit

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water 

          

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

            

C. PEST:(i) CHEWING PESTS         
4. FRUITFLY (Drosophila melanogaster)

   

TREATMENT :

Use Pestohit

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water 

          

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

            

C.PEST:(ii) SUCKING PESTS     
1. MEALYBUG (Pseudococcidae)
    

TREATMENT :

 Use Orgomite

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water

          

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

            

C. PEST:(ii) SUCKING PESTS
 2. WHITEFLY (Aleyrodidae)

    

TREATMENT :

 Use Orgomite

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water

          

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water

            

C. PEST:(ii) SUCKING PESTS
3. THRIP (Thysanoptera)

   

TREATMENT :

 Use Orgomite

2-3 ml per litre

of water

           

Use PPNP

1 ml per litre

of water

          

Use SpAll90

0.5 ml per litre

of water