GROUNDNUT

INTRODUCTION
  • Arachis hypogaea are the scientific name for groundnut, which belongs to the Fabaceae family.
  • Groundnut is a valuable crop that can be grown as a floor crop in a coconut garden as a catch crop after the second crop paddy is irrigated.
  • Stones and clay should not be present in groundnut farming soil, as this would reduce yield.
  • Groundnut farming is not ideal for high altitudes, cold, or frost.
  • Groundnuts thrive in climates with long periods of warm weather.
REQUIREMENTS

• Soil- Sandy loam or clay loam soil.

• Cultivation- Preparatory cultivation.

• pH- 6.0- 6.5

• Temperature- Vegetative growth=26 to 30 ºC depending on the cultivar, Reproduction growth=24-27 ºC.

• Rainfall- Annual rainfall between 450 to 1250 mm.

IRRIGATION
  • Irrigation schedules for summer groundnut have revealed that 11-12 irrigations are ideal.
  • After sowing, one irrigation at 0-10 days, one at 10-30 days, two at 30-50 days, three at 50-80 days, one at 80-90 days, two at 90-105 days, and one at 105-120 days has been determined to be the most effective.
  • Groundnut is drought-resilient in terms of life, but its pod output is greatly reduced if appropriate soil moisture is not maintained, especially during critical growth stages (flowering, pegging of pod development)
  • The potential evapotranspiration during the crop period, as well as the degree of soil cover, dictate the amount of water consumed by the crop.
  • The amount of water required peaks during flowering and continues until pod development.
CULTIVATION
  • The seeds are placed in the soil at a depth of 5-6 cm and lightly pressed to maintain the moisture in place for uniform and quick germination.
  • The soil temperature for sowing should be around 18ºC.
  • Under rain-fed conditions, the best row and plant spacing is 90 cm and 4-7 cm, respectively.
  • If the area is reliant on irrigation, the spacing between rows should be 30 to 35 cm.
  • In order to plant one hectare of land, 100 to 160 kg of seeds are necessary.
  • Seeds are used to propagate groundnuts. Only two weeks before planting, the seeds should be shelled.
  • Groundnut seeds are grown in a nursery before being transplanted to the main field, or they are sown directly in the main field.
  • Because the seeds are easily damaged, they must be handled with care.
  • Seeds that have been exposed to the sun for an extended period of time are also thought to have a low germination rate.
NUTRIENT DEFICIENCY
DISEASES